58. If there are 24 chromatids in a mammalian skin cell, how many kinetochores are there?
(A) 6
(B) 12
(C) 24
(D) 36
(E) 48

54. Which of the following statements about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is FALSE? (A) HIV is double –stranded RNA virus. (B) HIV is equipped with reverse transcriptase. (C) It can infect T lymphocytes and cause AIDS. (D) Its genome serves as template for DNA synthesis and the newly made viral DNA can integrate into the host’s chromosome as provirus. (E) The host’s RNA polymerase transcribes the provial DNA into mRNAs and viral genomes.

55. Which of the following statements concerning “genomic imprinting” is FALSE? (A) It is an exception to standard Medelian inheritance. (B) In many cases, methylation of cytosine involves in genomic imprint during embryo formation. (C) A given allele will have different effect that depends on father or mother passed along the allele. (D) Most of the known imprinted genes are critical for embryonic development in mammal. (E) In heterozygous of normal and recessive mutant Igf2 gene, the dwarf phenotype can be seen.

56. Which statement about DNA replication is true? (A) Helicase breaks, swivels, and rejoins the parental DNA. (B) Topoisomerase unwinds and separates the parental DNA strands. (C) Primase synthesizes DNA primers, using the parental DNA as a template. (D) In E. coli, DNA polymerase I and II are the main enzymes in synthesis of new DNA. (E) Okazaki fragments are found both in E. coli and eukaryotes.

57. Which of the followings is an extending Mendelian genetics for two or more genes? (A) pleiotropy (B) epistasis (C) multiple alleles (D) incomplete dominance (E) codominance

59. Which of the following statements concerning mitochondria are correct, EXCEPT _____. (A) mitochondrion is a double membrane organelle (B) both pyruvate oxidation and Krebs cycle are carried out in mitochondria matrix (C) chemiosmosis can promote ATP hydrolysis (D) most mitochondria genes are maternal inheritance in human (E) leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy is a mitochondria disorder

60. The bundle branches and Purkinje fibers conduct impulses from the_____. (A) AV node to the ventricles (B) AV node to the SA node (C) SA node to the atria (D) SA node to the AV node (E) atria to the SA node Ⅱ.【單選題】61-80 題，每題 2 分，共計 40 分。答錯 1 題倒扣 0.5 分，倒扣至本大題零分為止，未作答，不給分亦 不扣分。

61. Which of the following statements is FALSE? (A) The presence of scaffolding proteins can increase the efficiency of signal transduction. (B) Enzyme cascades amplify the cell’s response to a signal. (C) Inositol triphosphate and diacylglycerol are produced by phospholipase A cleavage of certain kind of phospholipid. (D) Phosphodiesterase converting cAMP to AMP is one of the ways to terminate the signal. (E) The activation of cell surface receptors of growth factors may regulate the activity of a specific gene.

62. Regarding photosynthesis, which statement is INCORRECT? (A) Light-harvesting complex may consist of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotinoids. (B) RuBp carboxylase-oxygenase is thought to be the most abundant protein on Earth. (C) In C4 pathway, PEP carboxylase promotes CO2 to be added to malate. (D) Sugarcane is a kind of C4 plant. (E) C4 plants contain C4 and C3 pathways.

63. In a dark environment, plants will grow toward light in a response called phototropism. Which of the followings is an INCORRECT statement regarding phototropism? (A) Phototropism is caused by a chemical signal. (B) One chemical involved is auxin. (C) Auxin causes an increase in growth on one side of the stem. (D) Auxin causes a decrease in growth on the side of the stem exposed to light. (E) Removing the apical meristem prevents phototropism.

64. The result of double fertilization in angiosperms leads to _____. (A) formation of both a diploid embryo and triploid endosperm (B) the endosperm developing into a diploid nutrient tissue (C) formation of a triploid zygote (D) two embryos in every seed (E) the fertilized antipodal cells developing into the seed coat