78. In order to infect cells, the hemagglutinin of the influenza virus binds with ______ in the cell surface glycoproteins or glycolipids.
(A) sialic acid
(B) gluconic acid
(C) N-acetylmuramic acid
(D) uronic acid
(E) muramic acid

74. Which of the following statements about citric acid cycle is FALSE? (A) The first reaction is to synthesize citric acid. (B) In addition to CTP, NADH and QH2 are also produced in citric acid cycle. (C) The acetyl group of acetyl-CoA is released in the form of CO2 when it enters citric acid cycle. (D) The product of the last step, oxaloacetate, is also the reactant of the first step. (E) It occurs in mitochondrial matrix.

75. Which of the following statements about amino acids is CORRECT? ① Methionine is sulfurcontaining amino acids. ② The UV absorbance of phenylalanine at 280 nm is lower than that of tyrosine. ③ Disulfide bond can be reduced by performic acid. ④ The side chain of histidine is an imidazole ring. ⑤ The pI value of arginine is lower than that of lysine. (A) ①,②,③ (B) ①,③,④ (C) ②,③,④ (D) ①,②,④ (E) ②,③,⑤

76. Which of the following enzymes are aspartate protease ? ① Subtilisin； ② Cathepsin D； ③ HIV-protease； ④ Thrombin； ⑤ Pepsin (A) ①,②,③ (B) ①,②,④ (C) ①,②,⑤ (D) ②,③,④ (E) ②,③,⑤

77. Which of the following statements for the structure of proteins are CORRECT? ① A bond between amino acids is peptide bond. ② Disulfide bonds in proteins are formed by serine. ③ The amino acid sequence is the primary structure of proteins. ④ The coil-coiled motif is the tertiary structure of proteins. ⑤ The quaternary structure of proteins contains two or more polypeptide chains. (A) ①,③,⑤ (B) ②,③,④ (C) ②,③,⑤ (D) ①,③,④ (E) ①,②,③

79. In electron-transport chain, the transferring sequence of the electrons passing from NADH to oxygen is: (A) Complex I→Complex III→Complex IV→Complex V (B) Complex I→Complex II→Complex III→cytochrome c→Complex IV (C) Complex I→Q→Complex II→Complex III→cytochrome c→Complex IV (D) Complex I→Complex II →Complex III →Complex IV (E) Complex I→Q→Complex III→cytochrome c→Complex IV

80. Which of the following BEST explains the "wobble" hypothesis proposed by Francis Crick? (A) The genetic code is degenerate in that most amino acids have more than one codon. (B) The genetic code is ambiguous in that each codon can specify more than one amino acid. (C) The anticodon can pair with any part of the corresponding codon. (D) The 5'-base of the anticodon can make non Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds with several different bases at the 3'-position of the codon. (E) Inosine can pair up with C, G, or U.

81. Phospholipids show asymmetric distribution on membrane of erythrocytes. Which of the following phospholipids prefer to distribute on the outer leaflet of erythrocyte membrane? ① phosphatidylcholine； ② phosphatidylserine； ③ phosphatidylinositol； ④ sphingomyelin； ⑤ phosphatidylethanolamine (A) ①,② (B) ①,③ (C) ①,④ (D) ②,③ (E) ②,⑤

82. Mammalian phosphofructokinase, the major flux-controlling enzyme of glycolysis, is regulated by ① allosteric activator, fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate； ② allosteric inhibitor, ATP； ③ allosteric activator, AMP； ④ allosteric inhibitor, ADP； ⑤ allosteric activator, Citrate (A) ①,②,③ (B) ①,③,④ (C) ①,②,⑤ (D) ①,③,⑤ (E) ①,④,⑤

83. Misfolding of protein causes a broad range of disease. Which of the following human diseases linked to misfolding of proteins are CORRECT? ① Alzheimer’s disease, β-Amyloid peptide ； ② Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Prion protein ； ③ Cystic fibrosis, Superoxide dismutase I； ④ Hungtington’s disease, α-Synuclein； ⑤ Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, Transthyretin. (A) ①,②,③ (B) ①,②,④ (C) ②,③,⑤ (D) ③,④,⑤ (E) ①,②,⑤

84. Which of the following statements about the inhibition of enzyme activity is FALSE? (A) Transition state analogs can be used as competitive inhibitor. (B) Irreversible inhibition can be analyzed using Michaelis-Menten equation. (C) Increasing substrate concentration can counteract the effect of competitive inhibitor. (D) An uncompetitive inhibition does not affect the slope of the Lineweaver-Burk plot. (E) The irreversible inhibitor is covalently linked with the catalytic residue at the active site of the enzyme.