二、請具體說明何為「全球治理」（global governance）？並請舉出 2 個或以 上的實例，以說明此一概念在國際現勢中之實際運用。（25 分）

一、英譯中（15 分） Safety is the highest priority of all involved in aviation. The shared goal is for every flight to take off and land safely, a routine that happens more than 126,000 times every day around the globe. In 2018, the fatal accident rate was 0.28 per one million flights, equivalent to one fatal accident for every 4.2 million flights. Each fatality is a tragedy for not only the airline involved but, more importantly, for those on board. That is why this industry has designed and implemented a set of safety strategies to ensure more secured traveling by air.

二、中譯英（15 分） 因應新冠疫情的發展與航空旅遊的逐漸復甦，許多航空公司陸續宣布 將試行國際航空運輸協會旅行通行證（IATA Travel Pass）。透過導入 健康數位驗證程序，許多國際航線已逐步啟動此項通行證。在提供機 上服務方面，零接觸服務將會是未來航空旅行的重要趨勢，不但可以 讓機組人員、旅客感到更安全，亦可透過相關驗證，達到簡化程序之 目的。

三、英文作文（20 分） As everyone knows, in both 2020 and 2021, people’s lives around the world have been impacted by COVID-19. Please write a 250-word essay on how people’s leisure life has changed and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of these changes.

(一)請申論甲、乙兩人為何不會獨自提供有效的燈塔數量。（10分）

(二)如果甲、乙兩人合作建造燈塔，有效的燈塔數量為何？又甲、乙願意 各自分擔多少費用，社會淨利益為何？（15分）

二、假設政府對利息所得課徵比例稅，請用兩期跨期消費模型（intertemporal consumption model）繪圖說明此一課稅政策對儲蓄者的儲蓄行為影響。 （25 分）

一、請在家計單位有非工資所得的假設下，分析課徵比例所得稅對於代表性 家計單位勞動供給的影響。 （25 分）

二、 「進口財貨市場為完全競爭下，政府課徵進口關稅會降低人民的福利水 準」 ，請繪圖分析此一論述的正確性。 （25 分）

一、英譯中：（15 分）        Representations of the relationship between European colonizers and aboriginal peoples have long been much shaped by theoretical discourses from various historical perspectives. The disciplines we know as history, anthropology and archaeology largely emerged in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in the context of the encounter between Europe and other peoples. These disciplines insisted upon a particular understanding of human history. This was conceived as the reason for the fundamental differences Europeans perceived between themselves and other peoples. The former constructed their culture as symbolizing modern and civilized by imagining the culture of aboriginal peoples as representing the ancient and backward. That is, they claimed that cultures could be divided into different periods of human history. Instead of regarding others as peoples who were contemporaneous with themselves, Europeans claimed that they were from the barbarous age. According to this historical theory, there was a natural course of history beginning with the barbarian state, which was aboriginal, and progressing towards modern civilization, which was Europe’s present. In this theory, peoples such as aborigines were always associated with a lack or deficit.

二、中譯英：（15 分）         軍隊全面潰逃。所有秩序的假象蕩然無存，士兵不再聽從他們的長 官，而紀律早已消失殆盡。彈將盡，糧將絕，人不為己，天誅地滅。那 是印刻在一個國家集體意識上的災難，今日猶然。當大多數人想到在阿 富汗的外國勢力干預時，總會想到 1842 年的英軍撤退行動。

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