3. What is an operon in prokaryotes? Please provide an example of how operon works. (5 分)

3、地理大發現後，歐洲人持續進行海外擴張，建立許多殖民地，並與不同族群 產生互動。請以 17 至 19 世紀美國發展為例，說明移民的型態、族群間的互 動，與拓殖運動對美國原住民的影響。(20 分)

4、2015 年法國查理週刊總部發生恐怖襲擊案件，凶手宣稱「你們侮辱了先知， 要付出代價。」圖 1 與圖 2 是該週刊曾刊出的圖文，其中一張導致上述攻擊 案件，造成週刊員工八人死亡，多人受傷。言論自由與宗教自由孰為輕重?請 參考課綱精神，論述你的看法。(20 分)

1.以下酵素或蛋白質,請簡述(1)存在於那一种生物體(大腸桿菌或人類),並參與在DNA structure, replication,epair,或recombination 系統(2)有什麼功能及作用機制(可參考下列適當項 目填入:nucleosome structure,proofreading, mitochondrial DNA replication, processive DNA polymerase, non-processive DNA polymerase, base excision repair, mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair, double-strand break repair, translesion synthesis, DNA helicase, topoisomerase, helicase, single strand binding protein, non-homologous end joining, homologous recombination, strand invasion, strand migration, Hollyday junction recognition, Hollyday junction resolution, transposition) : (a) DNA polymerasey(3分) (b) DNA polymeraseV(3分) (C)Mcm2-7 complex(3分) (d)MSH2/MSH6(3分) (e) Histones HI, H2A, H2B,H3,H4(3分) (f) UvrA,B,C(3分) (g) RUVAB,RUVC(3分) (h)RecA,RecBCD(4分) 問答題

2. What are different types of RNA found in the cell? (5分)

4. Please describe what experimental approach would you choose if you would like to deplete a gene in eukaryotic cells and how to do it. (5分)

5. Why is it important to regulate gene expression? Please provide an example of what would happen if gene expression is dysregulated.(5分)

6. If you would like to study whether the expression of X gene is regulated by a specific transcriptional regulator (Y protein), what experiments would you perform? (5分)

10.何謂 suppressor RA?(4分)

11.簡述在細胞中如何籍由eiF2來調節整體轉譯效能・(5分)

12.試述RNApolymerase的CTD(C-terminaldoman)在調節轉錄活性的功能,(4分)