3. What kind of information do you give them in class?

Part C. Activity Design (15%) Directions: 1. Based on the following passage , design one teaching activity that is aimed at 35 eleventh-grade students. 2. Explain in detail how this activity will help students improve their four basic language skills and critical thinking skills.        Healthy disagreement is the ability to openly, honestly and respectfully present an opposing opinion, instead of simply going along with what’s presented. A culture of healthy disagreement improves the quality of a team’s work by exposing flaws in singular ways of thinking.Healthy disagreement also promotes innovation and help teams avoid group think.        To keep disagreement healthy, teammates must remain respectful.Without mutual respect, disagreement can easily become toxic and devolve into personal attacks, destroying the culture of a team or the atomsphere in a home.        Heathy disagreement can be difficult to achieve for two reasons.       The first is that some people have personalities that are simply more agreeable.This isn’t necessarily a bad thing ; highly agreeable people typically display a high degree of empathy and are natural peacekeepers. But taken too far, agreeableness can also become a weakness. It can tempt you to say things you don’t really mean or to resist speaking up when needed, like when it comes to giving constructive criticism.This can prove toxic in the long run.        The second reason healthy disagreement is difficult to achieve has to do with the way people tend to act in groups. People feel social pressure to agree with others, even when they don’t understand the reasons—or even when those reasons don’t make sense.        Put simply, people are often afraid to be different.        For example, a series of experiments by psychologist Solomon Asch showed that a large percentage of people (up to 75%) tend to go along with the decisions of a group, even when the decision doesn’t make any sense.This has to do with what we call “ social conformity” , or , in more simple terms, peer pressure. Interestingly. Asch found in his experiments that when just one person spoke up to give a correct answer, the number of subjetcs willing to conform dramatically lowered. In other words, by simply voicing your opinion, not only can you gain confidence to do the right thing when surrounded by others who don’t, you can actually help others do the right thing, too.        There are a few things you can do to promote a culture of healthy disagreement. First of all, don’t disagree just for the sake of disagreeing. But if you lean far on the “agreeable” spectrum, you have to learn how to speak up when needed. One way to do this is to ask yourself : If I don’t say this, will I regret it later? Remember, though, when you do speak up, do so respectfully. Often, it’s not what you say that people take the wrong way; rather, it’s how you say it. So, strive to really understand your teammates’ position before countering it.        If you are the type who isn’t afraid to speak up even when everyone else agrees, keep doing so respectfully. Or, if you are the opposite ,the next time someone speaks up or starts to rock your boat, resist the urge to dismiss them as “ difficult.” Remember the value they bring and the power of those two emotionally-intelligent words: healthy disagreement.

Part D. Essay (10%)        With the implementation of the 108 curriculum, students are required to provide learning portfolios as references when they apply to universities. As an English teacher, and, a potential homeroom teacher in CHSH, what’s your role in helping students build and enrich their learning portfolios? What might be the problems or obstacles you may encounter? How would you deal with them? Support your arguments with concrete examples.

1. What do you want to accomplish in your class?

2. What can you do to make yourself a good teacher, and what can your students do to make themselves good learners?

4. Do you treat the high-performing students and the low-performing ones the same way?

5. What other problems might you have to solve?

五、翻譯題：請將下列段落翻譯成英文       即使在雨季，每天早上六點她都冒著大雨從車上跑到游泳池，一躍而下痛快地游它 一個小時。就只有教練和十個女孩。泳手潑濺起水花，轉身，又再從水裡冒出來。雨聲 嗒嗒不斷的打在金屬車頂上，也打在水面和繃緊的泳帽上。三三兩兩的家長在看報。她 童年時所有的魄力和精力都看似在早上七點半前就已耗盡。她到了外國也維持著這種習 慣，去醫學院上課前先自修兩三個小時。從某方面來說，她後來沉醉於鑽研探索，跟她 在水中世界隨著緊密的節奏游泳有點相似，就像穿越時間往前凝望。（時報出版《菩 薩凝視的島嶼》，江先聲譯）

六、申論題：Give a summary of this story, and your commentary.         In the summertime, Alex and Dietz decided to take a road trip. The two had met years earlier on Instagram, as fellow animal-rights activists, and had discovered that they agreed on much more than veganism. Actually they agreed on basically everything, including that new human life is not a gift but a needless perpetuation of suffering. Babies grow up to be adults, and adulthood contains loneliness, rejection, drudgery, hopelessness, regret, grief, and terror. Even grade school contains that much. Why put someone through that, Alex and Dietz agreed, when a child could just as well never have known existence at all? The unborn do not appear to be moaning at us from the void, petitioning to be let into life. This idea—that having children is unethical—has come to be known as antinatalism, and in 2021 Dietz set up an Instagram account for a new organization he called Stop Having Kids. By then, the two were dating, although most of the time still living apart. Every so often, they met to hold demonstrations for Stop Having Kids, which Dietz has over time built into a real operation with donors who fund billboards that say things like PROCREATION IS NOT A RESPONSIBILITY and MAKE LOVE NOT BABIES. –from Harpers, https://harpers.org/archive/2024/03/the-case-against-children-elizabeth-barber/

IV. Essay Writing: 20 points Write an essay of at least 200 words regarding the following sentences:       Gene modifying technologies hold immense potential for treating a wide range of human diseases. However, these powerful tools raise significant ethical concerns. Discuss both the potential benefits and drawbacks of using gene modifying for medical treatment.

一．       根據英國科學家預測，地球會在 2030 年，因太陽休眠再次進入小冰河時期， 這一成果，當年被公佈於英國皇家天文學會的國家天文會議上，預測在 2030 年 太陽活動將減少 60%。       發生於明末清初的明朝小冰河時期，是有史以來嚴寒無比的幾十年，當時平均氣溫遠低於現在，而且伴隨著這種極端天氣，還有乾旱和水澇災害同時發生。       根據氣象專家竺可楨的記載，當時小冰河期確實造成了大規模的社會動亂， 而且在歷史上，一共存在 4 次小冰河期：       歷史上的第 1 次小冰河期發生在周朝時期，當時周朝管轄的大部分地區氣溫 驟降，糧食減產，植物達到無法生長的地步，不僅直接影響農業地區，就連牧區 也沒有足夠的牧草來供給牛羊，這段時期為了生存，許多少數民族不得不南下， 去侵犯當時本來就受災嚴重的周朝領土，而周朝也因此向南遷都，直接影響了歷 史格局，最終形成了東週的分裂割據局面。       第 2 次小冰河期發生在東漢時期，這次小冰河期持續時間很長，寒冷的氣候 條件，直接導致各地相繼發生飢荒，很多貧困地區的父母，為了能讓子女生存下 來，同時也讓自己苟活，迫不得已將子女換糧食，更發生了同類相殘的慘劇，最 嚴重的時候，也出現了少數民族獨斷侵擾中原地區，也就是後來歷史上荒唐至極 的五胡亂華，進一步加劇了社會的動盪。       第 3 次小冰河時期，發生在唐朝末年的五代十國時期，持續時間一直到宋朝 初年，自然也伴隨著糧食減產，人口數量減少而發生，這一時期，人口數量從 6,000 萬銳減至 2,000 萬，當然很大一部分也是因為戰亂導致，不過氣候條件也 是罪魁禍首，要不然也不可能造成分裂割據，大範圍的飢荒。       第 4 次小冰河時期自然就是我們今天重點要講的明清小冰期，明朝末年的小 冰河期，人口數量減少一半，比起前三次，確實好很多，前三次的人口數量銳減， 加上戰亂因素，基本上都在 4/5 左右。明朝末年，崇禎皇帝在繼位之後，其實除 了國家治理方面存在的一些問題，天災人禍也不容小覷，而他恰好在那段時期當 了皇帝，當時全國災情嚴重，而這一現象，從嘉靖皇帝乃至萬曆時期，就已經開 始出現，而且有明顯加劇的趨勢，崇禎皇帝時期，恰好是這一災難的巔峰時期， 一下子就擊垮了本來就危機四伏的大明王朝。其實當時不只是明朝出現了小冰河 時期，整個地球也處於一個特殊的時期，公元 1645 年至 1715 年，在歷史上也被 稱之為蒙德極小期，因為根據太陽學家愛德華·沃爾特·蒙德所說，這段時期的太 陽黑子數量稀少，根據太陽活動規律，再根據那段時期的樹木年輪和碳 14 數量 2 分析，17 世紀後半葉，太陽活動確實要小很多，同一時期的英國，大部分河流都 處於冰封期，也確實不得不讓人將他們聯想在一起。(節錄自孫鶴〈明朝可怕的小冰河時期〉)        請依據上述材料，盡可能舉出所知的高中 15 篇經典選文及 A 類選文與詩詞為文本，寫出你如何引導學生將文本與上文或者對照、或者反思、或者闡發？以深化 教與學的跨領域思惟。（25 分）