20 Which of the following school of thought in second language acquisition focuses on individual engaged in social practices, on a collaborative group, or on a global community?
(A) cognitive psychology
(B) behaviorism
(C) constructivism
(D) rationalism

cognitive psychology: Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology dedicated to studying how people think. The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on how the interactions of thinking, emotion, creativity, and problem-solving abilities affect how and why you think the way you do.

The main focus of cognitive psychologists is on the mental processes that affect behavior. Those processes include, but are not limited to, the following three stages of memory:

1. Sensory memory storage: holds sensory information
2. Short-term memory storage: holds information temporarily for analysis and retrieves information from the Long-term memory.
3. Long-term memory: holds information over an extended period of time which receives information from the short-term memory.

behaviorism emphasizes how people interact with their environment. Over time, these interactions (called “stimuli”) form particular behaviors. The process by which this behavior is formed is known as conditioning.

Rationalism is a method of thinking that is marked by being a deductive and abstract way of reasoning. In ordinary usage rationalism is a basic sense of respect for reason or to refer to the idea that reason should play a large role in human life (in contrast, say, to mysticism)