28. Which of the following is not used in the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)?
(A) a radiolabeled DNA fragment
(B) a polyacrylamide gel
(C) a DNA binding protein
(D) DNase I

24. An enhancer (A)is a protein that binds to RNA polymerase and stimulates transcription. (B) interacts with repressor proteins to enhance transcriptional repression. (C) binds to RNA polymerase and stimulates transcription. (D) is a DNA element that increases transcription.

25. Which of the following sequences functions as a promoter for transctiption? (A) TATA box. (B) initiator. (C) CpG islands. (D) all of the above (E) none of the above

26. Which of the following statements regarding RNA splicing is correct? (A) initiation of transcription, splicing, addition of 5"' cap, addition of poly-A tail, transport to cytoplasm (B) initiation of transcription, addition of 5' cap, splicing, addition of poly-A tail, transport to cytoplasm (C) initiation of transcription, addition of poly-A tail, addition of 5' cap, splicing, transport to cytoplasm (D) initiation of transcription, addition of 5' cap, addition of poly-A tail, splicing, transport to cytoplasm

27. Which of following events does not occur within the nucleus? (A) protein phosphorylation (B) RNA capping (C) polyadenylation (D) splicing

29. RNA editing is (A) post-transcriptional alteration of sequences in mRNAs. (B) pre-transcriptional alteration of sequences in RNAs. (C) post-transcriptional joining of two RNA molecules. (D) none of the above

30. Which of the following is most likely to lead to a loss of gene function? (A) A sequence change in the 3' untranslated region. (B) A change from a TAA codon to a TAG codon in the coding region. (C) A change from T to C in the promoter region. (D) A frameshift mutation in the coding region.

31. A cDNA library differs from a genomic library in that (A) the cDNA was constructed from introns only. (B) genomic libraries are only stored in bacterial cell (C) cDNA libraries are more stable. (D)cDNA libraries only contain information from genes that have been transc

32. Protein sorting of anterograde cargo to different destinations within the Golgi complex occurs in the (A) cis-Golgi. (B) medial-Golgi. (C) trans-Golgi. (D) trans-Golgi network.

33. The only cells that can correctly attach sugars to proteins to form glycoprotein products are (A) yeast cells. (B) E. coli cells. (C) mammalian cells. (D) algal cells.

34. Which type of RNA participates in nuclear export of mRNA? (A) snRNA (B) miRNA (C)tRNA (D) hnRNA