申論題

四、According to IMO, an e-navigation concept can be defined as「the harmonized collection, integration, exchange, presentation and analysis of maritime information on board and ashore by electronic means to enhance berth to berth navigation and related services, for safety and security at sea and protection of the marine environment」. Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) plays an important part in the ship/ shore communication. Please discuss the role of GMDSS in e-navigation and give your opinions in English.（25 分）