11. A single pulse of light enters an optic fibre which contains small impurities that scatter the light. Explain the effect of these impurities on the pulse.

15. This question is about an ideal gas. The graph shows how the pressure P of a sample of fixed mass of an ideal gas varies with volume V. The temperature of the gas at point A is 85 °C. The gas can change its state to that of point C either along route ABC or route ADC. Compare, without any calculation, the work done and the thermal energy supplied along route ABC and route ADC.

題組內容

11. A single pulse of light enters an optic fibre which contains small impurities that scatter the light. Explain the effect of these impurities on the pulse.

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